This study assesses the causes and effect of armed banditry on agricultural production in Katsina State, Nigeria. To achieve this aim, two objectives were outlined: to examine the causes of armed banditry in Katsina Stat and to assess the effect of armed banditry on agricultural production in Katsina State. Frustration-aggression theory and routine activity theory were adopted to explain issues raised in the study. The study utilized quantitative and qualitative methods for data collection and analysis. A Multi stage cluster sampling technique was used to select sample of 384 respondents. The findings revealed that the lack of basic social amenities in some communities, growing level of unemployment, harsh economic conditions, availability of small and light weapons were the major causes of armed banditry in the study areas. Also, the study noted that the attacks on farmers, their livestock, homes and farmlands have undermined crop production, food cultivation and harvest, leading to general food shortage. The study recommended for community policing; increase patrols and checkpoints in high-risk areas to deter banditry and provide a visible security presence. Government at both State and national level should invest in economic development programmes to address poverty, unemployment, and underdevelopment, which are often drivers of banditry