The conflict between sedentary farmers and transhuman pastoralists in Nigeria is a recurring phenomenon. In recent times, the conflict has taken a very dangerous dimension resulting in colossal loss of lives, wanton destruction of properties and displacement of a great number of individuals in the country. This ugly situation despite the governmental responses remains unabated.

The study therefore, evaluates the Fulani-Agatu conflict in Benue and Nasarawa States by carefully ascertaining the extent to which the conflict affects socio-economic activities of the people. The Economic Determinism theory was adopted as theoretical framework. Also, a survey research method was utilized with 350 copies of questionnaires randomly administered to respondents across the fourteen (14) affected council wards of the study area.

In addition, Key Informant Interview and Focus Group Discussion techniques were equally employed to obtain empirical information. The secondary data was sourced from an array of published documents. Both quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis were used to analyze the collated data.

The findings revealed that the conflict has led to a monumental deaths and destruction of properties affecting the two warring groups as well as displacement of a great number of people living within the conflict areas. Also, there were recorded reduction in food production, out of school children, prostitution, destitution, joblessness, banditry, proliferation of small arms and light-weapons among others.

Consequently, the study recommends that, the Federal Government needs to revive the erstwhile grazing reserves system with innovations for permanent settlements of the Fulani Pastoralists.